to Holyhead, besides those at 16.00 already mentioned, were at 21.45 from Lime Street (Helsby 22.27–22.31); these were attached at Chester to the 20.40 Birmingham—Holyhead. A connecting service for the day Irish Mail was provided at 11.10 from Liverpool in the Winter timetable but this train did not convey through carriages for Holyhead. In Summer the connection was made by the 10.55 Liverpool–Bangor/Aralwch.

In the 1909 Summer timetable, Liverpool and Manchester connections with the night Irish Mail were at 22.45 from Liverpool and 22.35 from Manchester. The Liverpool train ran via Warrington, where the Manchester portion was attached, there was provision in the WTT for this train to be extended to Holyhead as a relief to the night Irish Mail if required. (The list of through carriages in the 1909 Summer public timetable shows the portion from Manchester, but not that from Liverpool, as through to Holyhead, presumably attached to the night Irish Mail at Chester. This is not repeated in either the 1910 or 1913 marshalling circulars and so may have applied for the summer of 1909 only.)

Llandudno and Bangor express trains

In the summer Llandudno was served by daily through carriages, or through trains, to and from Euston, Birmingham, Leamington, Leicester, Oxford, Cambridge, Swansea, Stoke, Derby. and Nottingham, which did not use the line through Helsby. But trains to and from Bradford, Leeds, Hull

and Sheffield, as well as the Liverpool and Manchester trains, did so. Many of the summer trains ran only for the period beginning 12 or 17 July (it seems that 12 July was a Monday in 1909 and 17 July a Saturday). Some extra Saturday, or Saturday and Monday, services were provided but only Blackburn would be added to that list of destinations served by through carriages if these week-end only services were included.

There were interesting routes associated with some of these trains. For example, the Sheffield trains ran over the Great Central line through Penistone and then worked via Longsight and Warrington Arpley. The Bradford service was via Rochdale and Halifax and was passed to, and received from, the Lancashire and Yorkshire at Manchester. The Leeds trains went via Stockport and Arpley but the Hull carriages were detached from, or attached to, Hull–Liverpool expresses and so took the route via Manchester both ways.

Though Llandudno was the main destination for the extra summer trains, Bangor and both Portmadoc and Pwllheli, reached via Afon Wen, were connected by through trains with Liverpool and Manchester, and Amlwch with Liverpool. The routes and workings of through portions are too complex to describe fully in narrative form. Details are given in the table later in this article. The list of through carriages in the public timetable describes them as “through lavatory carriages”. presumably therefore they were corridor or lavatory stock.