- Stockton & Darlington Railway (SDR)
- This was the first public line to employ steam power from its opening. The line was 25 miles long, engineered by George Stephenson
 and opened in September 1825 from Witton Park to Stockton Quay. The gauge of this line was accepted as “standard gauge” and is used in Britain and throughout the world.
- Stone’s Train Lighting
- Patented system of electric train lighting manufactured by Messrs Stone’s of Deptford, and used by many railway companies including the LNWR from 1898 onwards. Stone’s system involved double storage batteries and a slipping belt regulator.
- Stop Signal
- A signal capable of displaying a stop or danger indication as well as a clear indication. Stop signals are invariably painted red and show a red light by night. Stop signals controlling running lines may be ‘Home’ or ‘Starting’ signals. c.f. Distant signal which can display only caution and clear indications.
- Store Street, Manchester
- The Manchester terminus of the Manchester and Birmingham Railway, later known as London Road and now Piccadilly.
- Stores Van
- Vehicle, similar to a Parcels Van, assigned to the distribution of railway stores to stations. The LNWR General Stores were at St Helens Junction (on the Liverpool and Manchester main line), and the Stores Train toured the system distributing and collecting for repair a myriad of small but essential items such as brooms, shovels, gas mantles, account books, tickets, and thousands of other mundane articles.
- ‘Straight Link’ motion
- Another name for Allan Valve Gear.
- Striker
- A blacksmith’s mate who wielded the hammer whilst the smith dealt with the tool and piece of work which was being wrought.
- Sunny South Special
- A weekday train which ran between the LNWR and Eastbourne, via Brighton. In the years before 1914, the main portion left Manchester at 11.20; Liverpool and Birmingham portions were attached at Rugby; the return train left Eastbourne at 11.25. At the beginning of Bowen Cooke’s term as Locomotive Superintendent, LBSC superheater tank engines took the train to and from Rugby and experience with these engines may have been instrumental in his introduction of superheating on the LNWR.
- Super D 0-8-0 Locomotive Class
- Colloquial name applied to the LNWR’s G1 class of super heated 0-8-0 goods engine, and later to all such engines including the G2 and G2A classes. Super was an abbreviation of “Superheated”.
- Super Heater Dampers
- In the early days of super heating it was thought that when the regulator was closed and no steam was passing through the super heater elements, the heat might burn them. To prevent this the driver had a lever in the cab that moved one handrail horizontally, operating a lever on the side of the smoke box, which opened or closed a flap over the super heater elements. After a few years they were found to beunnecessary and removed.
- Super Heater Header
- (Nearly) all super heated LNWR engines used the Schmidt system in which an enclosed tank is fitted on the front tube plate, to which are fitted the super heater elements (pipes), each formed so as to lie inside an enlarged fire tube (called a ‘flue’) and to convey steam backwards and forwards over the length of the flues. The other end of the elements are fitted into a second header, connected by a pipe to the steam-chest.
- Super Heated Steam
- Steam is taken from the boiler, and heated a second time through the exhaust gases. This increases the volume of steam and makes for greater efficiency. Superheated steam has less water vapour and will therefore not condense as rapidly as 'wet' or saturated steam. It can lead to a 25% saving in coal and 30% saving of water consumption.
- Supplementary Stock List
- The Carriage equivalent of the locomotive Duplicate List - a list of carriages, still in working order, which have run their expected life time.
- Sutton Works
- Workshops of the St. Helens Railway, probably sub-contracted to a company called ‘Cross’ who built engines including the White Raven. (Info from J. M. Tolson’s book on the St. Helens Railway published by Oakwood)
- Swamis Locomotive Class
- Nickname for “B” Locomotive class; swamis were oriental magicians and illusionists popular as entertainers in the late nineteenth century, who always finished their acts by disappearing in a cloud of smoke…
- Switched Out
- Linking the Block Instruments either side of a signal box and closing it down. More than one box may be switched out at the same time to provide a very long block section between the two boxes remaining open.
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