- Coaching Stock
- Vehicles intended for use in passenger-rated trains, including not just passenger carriages but also similar vehicles intended for use in passenger-rated trains, including passenger brake vans
 , parcels vans, TPOs and the like fitted with continuous brakes. Horseboxes and carriage trucks were also coaching stock vehicles.
- Coal Engine 0-6-0 Locomotive Class
- In February 1873 Mr. Webb introduced the famous 17in Coal Engines, the first new engine he was entirely responsible.
The design was based on that of the ‘Special Tanks’ and at first used the same boiler up rated to 140 psi; later the whole class had boilers with larger fireboxes. The first batch had Ramsbottom safety valves but Webb chimney, cab, coupling rods and cast-iron wheels. The horizontal smoke box door, wooden buffer beam and brake blocks, absence of brakes on the engine and the style of the 1,500 gallon tender with grease axle boxes all date from the earliest Crewe designs, well before Ramsbottom. 
- Coal Gas Lighting
- Coal gas was ordinary town gas, often produced by the railway company itself, and was widely used in railway buildings for illumination from about 1880 and remained in use in some locations for very many years, well into the BR era. Attempts to use coal gas for carriage lighting were not successful due to the low calorific value compared with oil gas.
- Coal Saddle Tank 0-6-0T Locomotive Class
- In 1904—5 45 ‘17in Coal Engines’ were converted into tank engines for shunting. Because of the box-like water tanks, they were known as the ‘square saddle tanks’
- Coal Tank 0-6-2T Locomotive Class
- 0-6-2T tank engine version of the Webb 17in Coal Engines, first introduced in 1881. Although intended originally for goods and shunting duties, in fact they proved very suitable for local passenger train work. Their braking power was inadequate and this further encouraged their use on passenger rather than goods traffic.
- Coal Trimmer
- A coal trimmer would be responsible for ensuring that after a loco’s tender was loaded it was not overhanging the tender sides or in too large pieces to be used by the fireman when underway.
‘My father remembers the large coal provided at Camden from LMS days they were known as ‘Camden gravestones’ because of their size!.” [Mike Rigg]
- Coaling Stage
- Structure provided at engine sheds (and occasionally elsewhere) to enable coal to be shovelled manually from wagons into small “tubs” and thence tipped into locomotive tenders or bunkers. Except at the largest sheds, where some form of mechanical coaling was often adopted, LNWR coaling stages were of a standard design (in different sizes), and incorporated a large water tank on top.
- Cockermouth & Workington Railway (CWR)
- A small line promoted by locals, it was built to serve the collieries of the Derwent Valley, allowing coal to be Workington docks for onward transmission. Created by an Act of 21st July 1845, it was opened to traffic on 28th July 1847.
Passenger services were operated between Cockermouth and Workington; the station at the latter place was jointly managed between the two companies. In 1866 it was amalgamated into the LNWR, and its own set of rolling stock incorporated into the stock of the LNWR.
- Cockermouth, Keswick & Penrith Railway (CK&PR)
- An independent railway, promoted by interests in the LNWR and the North Eastern Railway, it ran through the heart of the Lake District from Penrith to Cockermouth via Keswick. Its Act was obtained on 1st August 1861 and the line was opened on 2nd January 1865. It possessed no stock of its own, and was operated with stock of both the NER and LNWR. The line was closed on 6th March 1972 to a great deal of local dismay, though plans are afoot to provide a line, using most of the original track bed.
- Combination lever
- A rod on Walschaerts valve-gear joining the radius rod, valve rod and union link.
- Combustion Chamber
- When discussing railway locomotives, this refers to an area within the boiler where gases are burnt, or combusted. This normally takes place inside the firebox. Some LNWR Locomotives (e.g. the Greater Britain and John Hick classes) had an additional combustion chamber part-way along the boiler which was intended to re-ignite unburnt matter, thereby releasing additional energy and reducing smoke. In reality it is unlikely that re-ignition actually occurred and it necessitated having four troublesome tube plates in each boiler instead of the normal two.
- Common User Wagon
- A wagon available for any traffic – not a private owner wagon.
- Communication Cord
- A cord or chain running through each carriage in a train, which enabled the passenger to communicate alarm to the driver.
- Compartment
- Seating area in a carriage separated off from other passengers by partitions. In a corridor coach, the compartment only occupies part of the width of the coach and has a door leading from it into the corridor.
- Compartment Coach
- Carriage with seating arranged in compartments. (cf. Open coach).
- Composite
- Carriage with seating for passengers of different classes.
- Compound (1)
- A compound locomotive, either a three-cylinder or a four-cylinder compound. See Compounding.
- Compound (2)
- A slip point, either a single compound (single slip) or double compound (double slip).
- Compounding
- An arrangement whereby, in the interests of economy, steam from the boiler is used twice, by feeding the exhaust steam from high-pressure cylinders into one or more low-pressure cylinders, of larger diameter. See 3-Cylinder Compounds, Webb Compounds and Triple Expansion.
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